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Polygenic Traits

Polygenic Traits

When more than one gene is responsible for a given phenotype, the trait is considered polygenic. Human height is a polygenic trait. Studies have uncovered hundreds of loci that influence height, and there are believed to be many more. Due to the high number of genes involved, as well as environmental and nutritional factors, height varies significantly within a given population. The distribution of height forms a bell-shaped curve, with relatively few individuals in the population at the...

Polygenic Traits

Polygenic Traits

When more than one gene is responsible for a given phenotype, the trait is considered polygenic. Human height is a polygenic trait. Studies have uncovered hundreds of loci that influence height, and there are believed to be many more. Due to the high number of genes involved, as well as environmental and nutritional factors, height varies significantly within a given population. The distribution of height forms a bell-shaped curve, with relatively few individuals in the population at the...

Nature and Nurture

Nature and Nurture

Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience, such as differences...

Sex-linked Disorders

Sex-linked Disorders

Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.

Signs of Puberty

Signs of Puberty

Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...

Sex Linked Disorders

Sex Linked Disorders

Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Published on: November 4, 2025

[Tall stature: some classical syndromes].

N Gusbin¹, A Verloes, A Daly

¹ULg.

Revue Medicale De Liege

|October 6, 2006

Summary

XYY syndrome, a frequent yet underrecognized condition, is characterized by taller than average stature. This case highlights its presentation in endocrinology, prompting a review of differential diagnoses for tall stature and gigantism.

Area of Science:

Genetics and Endocrinology
Human Biology and Physiology

Context:

A case presentation of XYY syndrome in an endocrinology clinic setting.
XYY syndrome is a relatively common but often undiagnosed genetic condition.

Purpose:

To describe the clinical findings of XYY syndrome.
To outline a differential diagnosis for tall stature.
To review syndromes associated with gigantism.

Summary:

XYY syndrome is characterized by taller than average height, potentially due to the extra Y chromosome.
The case prompts a discussion of differential diagnoses including Klinefelter syndrome, Marfan syndrome, androgen resistance, and growth hormone excess.
Each condition is analyzed regarding symptomatology, biology, pathophysiology, and therapeutic approaches.

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Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

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Fingerprinting Cardiolipin in Leukocytes by Mass Spectrometry for a Rapid Diagnosis of Barth Syndrome

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Published on: March 23, 2022

Impact:

Enhances understanding of XYY syndrome and its phenotypic expression.
Provides a comprehensive overview of conditions causing tall stature and gigantism.
Aids clinicians in diagnosing and managing patients with tall stature.