Intermediate metabolism during the ontogenetic development of Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae)

The fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus is a major pest of native and exotic fruit trees in South America. Changes in weight, water content and metabolism were observed during its ontogenetic development in standard conditions (25 degrees C, RH=60% and 14 h:10 h photoperiod). The metabolic variables glycogen, total proteins, triglycerides and total lipids were measured by means of spectrophotometric methods. The results were correlated with pupae metamorphosis, temporal pattern, and beginning of adult life. Pupae were observed daily, and a sub-sample of 10 individuals was collected and maintained at -20 degrees C. The same procedure was performed with adults at 4 days after adult eclosion. Levels of total lipids and triglycerides were constant during pupal development, peaking in 312-h-old pupae. In 0-h-old pupae, glycogen levels were high, and decreased progressively until the insects were 312 h old. The peak in total proteins coincides with the post-histolysis period of the larval tissue (96-120 h). These results indicated that glycogen and proteins may be the principal sources of energy for metamorphosis. Total lipid and triglyceride contents remained steady during metamorphosis, and these were consumed in the first 4 days of adult life.