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Published on: November 22, 2017
Inflammatory response after influenza vaccination in men with and without carotid artery disease
Cara L Carty1, Patrick Heagerty, Karen Nakayama
1University of Washington, Department of Epidemiology, Seattle, Wash, USA.
Insights
Acute phase response (APR) to influenza vaccination varies. Men with severe carotid artery disease showed a significantly higher serum amyloid-A (SAA) APR, suggesting SAA variability may predict vascular disease.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Immunology
- Biomarkers
Background:
- Inflammatory markers correlate with vascular disease.
- Acute phase response (APR) variation in vascular disease is understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the magnitude of APR to influenza vaccination in men with severe carotid artery disease (CAAD) versus controls.
- To investigate if APR variability predicts severe vascular disease.
Main Methods:
- Recruited white males with (n=43) and without (n=61) severe CAAD receiving influenza vaccination.
- Assayed baseline and 24-hour post-vaccination blood samples for C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, and serum amyloid-A (SAA).
- Analyzed relative changes in inflammatory markers, adjusting for covariates.
Main Results:
- In vivo APR to vaccination was measurable and varied among subjects.
- The relative 24-hour increase in serum amyloid-A (SAA) was 1.6 times higher in men with CAAD than in controls (P=0.02).
- Changes in CRP and IL-6 were not significantly different between groups.
Conclusions:
- Influenza vaccination elicits a mild APR in men with and without CAAD.
- SAA APR variability may serve as a predictor of severe vascular disease, independent of baseline SAA levels.
Objective:
Inflammatory markers are associated with vascular disease; however, variation in the acute phase response (APR) has not been evaluated. We evaluated whether the APR magnitude in men with severe carotid artery disease (CAAD) (>80% stenosis) differed from that of men without stenosis (<15% stenosis).
Methods And Results:
White males with (n=43) and without (n=61) severe CAAD receiving clinical influenza vaccinations were recruited. Their baseline and 24-hour after -vaccination blood samples were assayed for C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, and serum amyloid-a (SAA). In vivo APR to vaccination was measurable and varied among subjects. Adjusted for age, smoking, oral hypoglycemics, aspirin, and stain use, the relative 24-hour changes in levels of ln(CRP), ln(IL-6), and ln(SAA) were higher in men with CAAD than in men without, but only the SAA response was significant (P=0.02); the relative SAA response was 1.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 2.5) times higher in men with than without CAAD. The APR for all markers appeared to be independent of baseline levels.
Conclusions:
Influenza vaccination results in a mild, but measurable, APR in men with and without CAAD. SAA APR variability may be a predictor of severe vascular disease that is independent of basal SAA level.
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