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Published on: June 4, 2014
Dietary fat intake and risk of coronary heart disease: the Strong Heart Study
Jiaqiong Xu1, Sigal Eilat-Adar, Catherine Loria
1Center for American Indian Health Research, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73190, USA. susan-xu@ouhsc.edu
Background:
The results of previous studies on the association between dietary fat intake and coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence are inconsistent.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to examine the association between dietary fat intake and CHD incidence in American Indians in the Strong Heart Study.
Design:
A total of 2938 participants aged 47-79 y and free of CHD at the second examination (1993-1995) were examined and followed for CHD, nonfatal CHD, and fatal CHD events to 31 December 2002. Dietary intake was assessed by using a 24-h diet recall and was calculated as percentages of energy.
Results:
Participants were followed for a mean (+/-SD) of 7.2 +/- 2.3 y. During follow-up, 436 incident CHD cases (298 nonfatal CHD and 138 fatal CHD events) were ascertained. Participants aged 47-59 y in the highest quartile of intake of total fat, saturated fatty acids, or monounsaturated fatty acids had higher CHD mortality than did those in the lowest quartile [hazard ratio (95% CI): 3.57 (1.21, 10.49), 5.17 (1.64, 16.36), and 3.43 (1.17, 10.04), respectively] after confounders were controlled for. These associations were not observed for those aged 60-79 y.
Conclusions:
Total fat, saturated fatty acid, and monounsaturated fatty acid intake were strong predictors of CHD mortality in American Indians aged 47-59 y, independent of other established CHD risk factors. It may be prudent for American Indians to reduce their fat intake early in life to reduce the risk of dying from CHD.
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