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Related Experiment Videos

Resistant starches.

D J Jenkins1, C W Kendall

  • 1Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|October 7, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Resistant starches show potential for chronic disease prevention, offering systemic benefits like improved cholesterol and reduced diabetes risk. Further research is needed to confirm their direct impact on colon cancer prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Nutrition Science
  • Dietary Carbohydrates and Health Outcomes

Background:

  • Resistant starch (RS) was initially investigated for its potential benefits in reducing colon cancer risk and treating ulcerative colitis.
  • While RS can increase fecal bulk and butyrate levels, it has not consistently reduced harmful fecal compounds like ammonia and N-nitroso compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the current understanding of resistant starch's role in colon health and chronic disease prevention.
  • To explore the potential systemic physiological effects of resistant starch, particularly RS1, which acts as a lente carbohydrate.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on resistant starch's effects on fecal composition and colon physiology.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data linking low glycemic index foods to chronic disease risk and mortality.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of the relationship between type 2 diabetes and colon cancer risk.

    • Main Results:

    • Resistant starch increases fecal bulk and the molar ratio of butyrate but does not consistently reduce fecal ammonia, phenols, or N-nitroso compounds.
    • A fraction of resistant starch (RS1) functions as a low glycemic index carbohydrate, associated with reduced chronic disease risk.
    • Low glycemic index foods are linked to lower postprandial insulin, higher HDL cholesterol, and reduced risk of type 2 diabetes.

    Conclusions:

    • The direct impact of resistant starch on colon cancer risk reduction remains unclear, with colonic advantages yet to be fully documented.
    • Systemic physiological effects of low glycemic index carbohydrates, including those from RS1, may play a protective role in colon cancer prevention.
    • There is optimism regarding the potential health benefits of slowly digested carbohydrates like resistant starches, particularly their systemic effects.