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Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities
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Optical properties and diffraction effects in opal photonic crystals.

Alessandra Balestreri1, Lucio Claudio Andreani, Mario Agio

  • 1Dipartimento di Fisica Alessandro Volta, Università degli Studi di Pavia, via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|October 10, 2006
PubMed
Summary

This study calculates optical properties of opal photonic crystals using a scattering-matrix method. Results reveal diffraction effects and a Pendellösung phenomenon, crucial for understanding light propagation in these materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Photonics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Opals exhibit unique optical properties due to their ordered nanostructure.
  • Understanding light interaction with photonic crystals is key for optical device development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To calculate the optical properties of face-centered cubic (fcc) opals along the [111] direction.
  • To investigate diffraction effects and polarization mixing.
  • To explore the Pendellösung phenomenon in these photonic crystals.

Main Methods:

  • Scattering-matrix approach utilizing cylindrical slices for sphere approximation.
  • Plane-wave basis for distinguishing spectral orders.
  • Analysis of optical spectra at various angles of incidence.

Main Results:

  • Observed diffraction effects and polarization mixing at large incidence angles.
  • Reflectance and transmittance spectra show rich dependence and agree with experimental data for polystyrene opals.
  • Diffraction spectra exhibit oscillations indicating the Pendellösung phenomenon.

Conclusions:

  • The scattering-matrix method accurately predicts optical properties of opal photonic crystals.
  • The Pendellösung phenomenon, arising from energy exchange between modes, is identified.
  • This phenomenon is observable in transmittance experiments on high-quality, thickness-controlled opals.