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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

A Novel Method for Localizing Reporter Fluorescent Beads Near the Cell Culture Surface for Traction Force Microscopy
Published on: September 16, 2014
Asymmetric response of a jammed plastic bead raft
Michael Twardos1, Michael Dennin
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA.
Abstract:
The successful development of an effective temperature would be an important step in the application of statistical mechanics principles to systems driven far from equilibrium. One direction that has shown promise is the use of fluctuation-dissipation relations. However, driven systems break time-reversal symmetry, and understanding the implications of this for fluctuation-dissipation relations is a critical step in developing effective temperatures. Here we study the response function in a driven system of plastic beads as a function of the density in order to elucidate the generality of the use of fluctuation-dissipation relations. We find that even when a linear response is observed, the time scale of the response is dependent on the direction of the applied stress.
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