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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
Published on: June 7, 2018
Resonant x-ray diffraction studies on the charge ordering in magnetite.
E Nazarenko1, J E Lorenzo, Y Joly
1Laboratoire de Cristallographie CNRS, BP 166X, F-38052 Grenoble Cedex 09, France.
The low temperature phase of magnetite shows fractional charge ordering. Resonant X-ray diffraction (RXD) and ab initio calculations quantitatively evaluated atomic charges, confirming its utility for complex oxide electronic structure analysis.
Area of Science:
- Solid State Physics
- Materials Science
- Crystallography
Background:
- Magnetite (Fe3O4) exhibits complex electronic behavior at low temperatures.
- Understanding charge ordering is crucial for explaining magnetite's properties and applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the charge ordering in the low-temperature phase of magnetite.
- To quantitatively evaluate atomic charges using advanced experimental and computational methods.
Main Methods:
- Resonant X-ray Diffraction (RXD) experiments were employed to probe the electronic structure.
- Ab initio calculations were used to analyze scattering factors and atomic charges.
- Results were compared with X-ray crystallography data.
Main Results:
- Evidence for effective, albeit fractional, charge ordering in magnetite's low-temperature phase was demonstrated.
- Quantitative evaluation of atomic charges was successfully achieved.
- RXD was confirmed as a powerful tool for probing electronic structures in complex oxides.
Conclusions:
- The study elucidates the charge ordering mechanism in low-temperature magnetite.
- Resonant X-ray diffraction provides quantitative insights into the electronic structure of complex oxides.
- This technique has broad applicability in materials science and condensed matter physics.
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