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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

A Methodological Approach to Non-invasive Assessments of Vascular Function and Morphology
Published on: February 7, 2015
Association between the ankle-brachial index and carotid intimal medial thickness in the Rancho Bernardo Study
Matthew A Allison1, Gail A Laughlin, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor
1Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA. mallison@ucsd.edu
Abstract:
Previous cross-sectional studies have demonstrated significant associations between the ankle-brachial index (ABI) and carotid intimal medial thickness (IMT). In a longitudinal study, 637 participants who had ABI measurements from 1992 to 1994 were tested for carotid IMT an average of 4.8 years later. Mean age was 72.5 years; 60% were women. More than half (51%) were hypertensive, whereas 28% had dyslipidemia, 56% were past or current smokers, and 6% had diabetes. The mean +/- SD ABI and IMT were 1.06 +/- 0.13 and 1.28 +/- 0.44 mm, respectively. Mean age- and gender-adjusted IMTs for the ABI groups of
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