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Related Concept Videos

The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side of the...
Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
Muscles of the Anterior Neck01:26

Muscles of the Anterior Neck

The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.

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Coronoid-Temporalis Pedicled Flap for Orbital Floor Defect Reconstruction
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Coronoid-Temporalis Pedicled Flap for Orbital Floor Defect Reconstruction

Published on: December 5, 2025

Anatomy of the coronoid process.

Jonas L Matzon1, Benjamin J Widmer, Louis F Draganich

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.

The Journal of Hand Surgery
|October 10, 2006
PubMed
Summary

This study precisely measured the coronoid process anatomy, including height and olecranon-coronoid angle, in cadavers. These detailed measurements aim to refine the classification of coronoid fractures for better clinical outcomes.

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Coronoid-Temporalis Pedicled Flap for Orbital Floor Defect Reconstruction
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Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans
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Published on: September 8, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Anatomy
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Coronoid fractures are a significant injury impacting elbow stability.
  • Current classification systems for coronoid injuries lack detailed anatomical parameters.
  • Precise anatomical measurements are crucial for accurate fracture classification and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a detailed anatomical description of the coronoid process.
  • To specifically focus on quantifying coronoid height, width, and the olecranon-coronoid angle.
  • To establish reliable anatomical landmarks for these measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Dissection of 35 cadaveric arms.
  • Removal of all soft tissues and disarticulation of the ulna.
  • Utilizing a 3-dimensional digitizing system to record 19 anatomical landmarks.
  • Calculating coronoid heights, proximal ulnar widths, and olecranon-coronoid angles from landmark coordinates.

Main Results:

  • Coronoid height measured 15 mm (42-43% of ulnar height) using two different landmark definitions.
  • The olecranon-coronoid angle ranged from 33 to 38 degrees.
  • Identified specific anatomical landmarks for consistent measurement of coronoid height and angle.

Conclusions:

  • Defined optimal anatomical landmarks for coronoid height measurement in both radiographic classification and anatomical studies.
  • Established a precise definition for the olecranon-coronoid angle.
  • These anatomical measurements can enhance the classification of coronoid fractures, potentially improving surgical planning and outcomes.