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Pulmonary dysfunction in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients: overview, diagnostic considerations,

J Michael Collaco1, W Adam Gower, Peter J Mogayzel

  • 1Eudowood Division of Pediatric Respiratory Sciences, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.

Pediatric Blood & Cancer
|October 10, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Pulmonary complications are common after pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This review covers diagnostic tools like bronchoscopy and biopsy, and infectious complications in HSCT patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Pulmonology
  • Transplantation Medicine

Background:

  • Pulmonary complications are frequent and severe sequelae in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients.
  • Pediatric HSCT patients face significant risks of lung issues post-transplant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review diagnostic modalities for pulmonary complications in pediatric HSCT patients.
  • To discuss infectious pulmonary complications in pediatric HSCT recipients based on post-transplant phases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available data on diagnostic modalities, including flexible bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and open lung biopsy (OLB).
  • Categorization of infectious pulmonary complications by chronologic phases: neutropenic (0-30 days), early (30-100 days), and late (>100 days) post-HSCT.

Main Results:

  • Diagnostic tools like bronchoscopy and biopsy are crucial for evaluating lung issues in pediatric HSCT.
  • Infectious pulmonary complications vary significantly across the neutropenic, early, and late phases post-transplant.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis and timely management of pulmonary complications are vital for pediatric HSCT outcomes.
  • Understanding the temporal patterns of infectious pulmonary complications aids in clinical decision-making for HSCT patients.

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