Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery
06:40

An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery

Published on: June 8, 2021

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels during two different canine distalization techniques.

Seniz Karacay1, Işil Saygun, Ali Osman Bengi

  • 1Dental Science Center Department of Orthodontics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. senkaracay@yahoo.com

The Angle Orthodontist
|October 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Heavy interrupted forces significantly increase tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels, indicating a prolonged tissue response. Continuous forces show a decrease in TNF-alpha over time, suggesting a potentially safer orthodontic approach.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Prompt sensitivity of large language models in orthodontic patient counseling: a scenario-based experimental study.

BMC oral health·2026
Same author

Caries burden and high-risk subgroups in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy in Türkiye.

European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry·2026
Same author

Evaluation of in Vivo Effects of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound and Low-Level Laser Therapy on Premaxillary Suture During Rapid Maxillary Expansion.

Turkish journal of orthodontics·2025
Same author

Biomimetic management of orthodontic white spot lesions.

Journal of materials chemistry. B·2025
Same author

The Impact of Parafunctional Habits on Orthodontic Malocclusions in Children With Cerebral Palsy.

Child: care, health and development·2025
Same author

Anti-proliferative impact of resveratrol on gingival fibroblasts from juvenile hyaline fibromatosis.

Clinical oral investigations·2024

Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Immunology
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a key inflammatory mediator.
  • Understanding TNF-alpha's role in orthodontic tooth movement is crucial for optimizing treatment.
  • Continuous and interrupted forces elicit different cellular responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare TNF-alpha levels under continuous and heavy interrupted orthodontic forces.
  • To evaluate the temporal dynamics of TNF-alpha release in response to different force types.

Main Methods:

  • Two groups of subjects received orthodontic appliances: one with a hybrid retractor (continuous force) and another with rapid canine distalization (heavy interrupted force).
  • Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from canine teeth at baseline, 1 hour, 24 hours, and 1 week post-force application.

More Related Videos

In Vivo Model for Testing Effect of Hypoxia on Tumor Metastasis
12:03

In Vivo Model for Testing Effect of Hypoxia on Tumor Metastasis

Published on: December 9, 2016

Anchorage of Twisted Testis: A Rat Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of the Testis
05:11

Anchorage of Twisted Testis: A Rat Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of the Testis

Published on: November 14, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery
06:40

An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery

Published on: June 8, 2021

In Vivo Model for Testing Effect of Hypoxia on Tumor Metastasis
12:03

In Vivo Model for Testing Effect of Hypoxia on Tumor Metastasis

Published on: December 9, 2016

Anchorage of Twisted Testis: A Rat Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of the Testis
05:11

Anchorage of Twisted Testis: A Rat Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of the Testis

Published on: November 14, 2025

  • TNF-alpha concentrations were measured in the collected samples.

    • Main Results:

    • The rapid canine distalization group (heavy interrupted force) showed a significant increase in TNF-alpha at 1 hour.
    • In contrast, the hybrid retractor group (continuous force) exhibited a decrease in TNF-alpha by 1 week.
    • Significantly higher TNF-alpha levels were observed in the heavy interrupted force group at both 1 hour and 1 week compared to the continuous force group.

    Conclusions:

    • Heavy interrupted orthodontic forces trigger a rapid and sustained release of TNF-alpha.
    • Continuous forces may lead to a more controlled inflammatory response with decreasing TNF-alpha levels over time.
    • The findings suggest potential feedback mechanisms to mitigate excessive inflammatory mediator release during orthodontic treatment.