Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Optimum view distance for laparoscopic surgery.

G El Shallaly1, A Cuschieri

  • 1Monklands Hospital, Airdrie, Scotland, UK.

Surgical Endoscopy
|October 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Quality of Life of Patients Treated With Robotic Versus Traditional Surgery Results From An Italian Observational Multicenter Study.

Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research·2016
Same author

Intraluminal magnetisation of bowel by ferromagnetic particles for retraction and manipulation by magnetic probes.

Medical engineering & physics·2014
Same author

Technical review of the da Vinci surgical telemanipulator.

The international journal of medical robotics + computer assisted surgery : MRCAS·2012
Same author

BNNT-mediated irreversible electroporation: its potential on cancer cells.

Technology in cancer research & treatment·2012
Same author

Errors in laparoscopic surgery: what surgeons should know.

Minerva chirurgica·2011
Same author

Cell creeping and controlled migration by magnetic carbon nanotubes.

Nanoscale research letters·2010
Same journal

Efficacy and safety of transoral incisionless fundoplication in non-obese and obese adults: a population-based cohort study from the United States.

Surgical endoscopy·2026
Same journal

Minimally invasive versus open surgery for adhesive small bowel obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Surgical endoscopy·2026
Same journal

Enhanced view/extended totally extraperitoneal plasty (eTEP) Rives-Stoppa repair versus open Rives-Stoppa repair: a single-center retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.

Surgical endoscopy·2026
Same journal

Robotic-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection: a scoping review of preclinical and early clinical evidence.

Surgical endoscopy·2026
Same journal

Conversion of endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty to bariatric surgery.

Surgical endoscopy·2026
Same journal

Artificial intelligence and chatbots in general surgery: a survey among surgeons in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.

Surgical endoscopy·2026
See all related articles

Surgeons should maintain a viewing distance of 0.9 to 3 meters from a 14-inch monitor during laparoscopic surgery. Optimal working distances vary individually but are crucial for clear visualization and reducing surgical errors.

Area of Science:

  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Surgical Technology
  • Human Factors Engineering

Background:

  • Clear visualization of the surgical field is critical in laparoscopic surgery to prevent iatrogenic injuries.
  • Surgeon fatigue can be reduced by optimizing visualization, with monitor viewing distance being a key factor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the optimal working distances between a surgeon and a monitor during laparoscopic procedures.
  • To establish recommended viewing ranges for effective surgical field visualization.

Main Methods:

  • 14 surgeons participated in experiments to define maximum and minimum safe viewing distances from a 34-cm (14-inch) cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor.
  • Maximum distance was defined by clear identification of small text; minimum distance was defined by the onset of flicker or image degradation.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • The average maximum view distance was 221 cm (range: 166-302 cm).
  • The average minimum view distance (avoiding flicker/degradation) was 136 cm (range: 102-168 cm).
  • Extrapolated optimal working distances ranged from 90 cm to 303 cm for a 14-inch monitor.

Conclusions:

  • Individual maximal and minimal viewing distances vary, but should generally be between 0.9 m (3 ft) and 3 m (10 ft) from a 14-inch monitor.
  • Maximal viewing distance can increase with larger monitors, but the close-up limit remains approximately 0.9 m.