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Related Concept Videos

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
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Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

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All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
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Burn Injuries01:22

Burn Injuries

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Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 1, 2026

Oropharyngeal Administration of Bleomycin in the Murine Model of Pulmonary Fibrosis
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Bleomycin and the skin.

T Yamamoto1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan. toyamade@tokyo-med.ac.jp

The British Journal of Dermatology
|October 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Bleomycin is a chemotherapy drug used for skin conditions like cancer and scars. While effective, it can cause adverse skin reactions, requiring careful management.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Bleomycin is a chemotherapy agent used for various malignancies.
  • Its cytotoxic effects can lead to adverse reactions, particularly affecting the skin and lungs.
  • Dermatologists utilize bleomycin for treating skin cancers, warts, keloids, and hypertrophic scars.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the dermatological applications of bleomycin.
  • To review the risk factors associated with bleomycin use in skin disorders.
  • To detail the cutaneous side-effects of bleomycin treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of bleomycin's use in dermatology.
  • Analysis of reported cases and clinical studies on bleomycin's efficacy and side effects.

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  • Discussion of risk factors and management strategies for cutaneous adverse events.

    • Main Results:

    • Bleomycin is effective in treating various skin conditions, including cancers, warts, and scars.
    • Cutaneous side-effects are common and include hyperpigmentation, erythema, and ulceration.
    • Risk factors for adverse reactions include dose, duration of treatment, and individual patient susceptibility.

    Conclusions:

    • Bleomycin is a valuable therapeutic option for specific dermatological conditions.
    • Understanding and managing potential skin side-effects are crucial for optimizing bleomycin therapy.
    • Further research may focus on minimizing bleomycin's cutaneous toxicity while maintaining efficacy.