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Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by opportunistic species of Candida. It can affect various anatomical sites, including the skin, oral cavity, nails, and genitourinary tract. Among its forms, vaginal candidiasis is the most common type of mucosal infection. It typically results from the overgrowth of Candida albicans in the vaginal mucosa. Under normal conditions, C. albicans exists as a commensal organism within the vaginal microbiota, regulated by the dominance of lactobacilli, which...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Modeling Healthy and Dysbiotic Vaginal Microenvironments in a Human Vagina-on-a-Chip
08:15

Modeling Healthy and Dysbiotic Vaginal Microenvironments in a Human Vagina-on-a-Chip

Published on: February 16, 2024

Bacterial vaginosis: sequelae and management.

A H Ugwumadu1, P Hay

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
|October 13, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) in pregnant women is linked to miscarriages and preterm birth, increasing infant neurodevelopmental risks. Antibiotic treatment shows benefits, but new strategies are needed for recurrent BV.

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Published on: December 4, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Bacterial vaginosis (BV) prevalence and complications vary by population.
  • In pregnancy, BV is linked to adverse outcomes like late miscarriage and preterm delivery.
  • Infants born preterm face higher risks of neurodevelopmental handicap.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy.
  • To evaluate current treatment strategies and their limitations.
  • To highlight the need for improved management of recurrent bacterial vaginosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of prevalence, complications, and treatment of bacterial vaginosis.
  • Analysis of intervention studies in pregnant women with BV.
  • Examination of the association between BV and HIV transmission.

Main Results:

  • BV is associated with increased risk of late miscarriage and preterm delivery.
  • Antibiotic treatment in high-risk pregnant women with BV demonstrates benefits.
  • BV may enhance heterosexual HIV transmission efficiency.
  • Metronidazole is the primary treatment, but relapse occurs in 20-30% within a month.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial vaginosis poses significant risks during pregnancy, impacting both maternal and infant health.
  • Current treatments like metronidazole are effective but do not prevent relapse.
  • Further research into BV pathophysiology is essential for developing better treatments for recurrent cases.