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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Determining the Likelihood of Variant Pathogenicity Using Amino Acid-level Signal-to-Noise Analysis of Genetic Variation
Published on: January 16, 2019
Distributional gradient of amino acid repeats in plant proteins
Lida Zhang1, Shunwu Yu, Youfang Cao
1Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Systems Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R & D Center, School of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.
Abstract:
A computer-based analysis was conducted to assess the characteristics of amino acid repeats in Arabidopsis and rice. Our analysis showed a negative gradient in amino acid repeat distribution along the direction of translation in plants. Repeat occurrences are obviously associated with position in plant proteins but are not consistent with the corresponding amino acid contents. These repeats are encoded by the mixed synonymous codons rather than the uninterrupted reiterations of a single codon, and both Arabidopsis and rice have gradients in their distribution. Functional investigation showed that these repeat-containing proteins are preferentially involved in transcription regulation and protein ubiquitination but significantly underrepresented in the processes of DNA recombination and DNA replication. These data reveal that the direction-related mutation bias and functional selection have influenced the distribution of amino acid repeats in plants.
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