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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Detection of Glycosaminoglycans by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis and Silver Staining
05:57

Detection of Glycosaminoglycans by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis and Silver Staining

Published on: February 25, 2021

Heparan sulfate analysis from diabetic rat glomeruli.

Mark E Lauer1, Vincent C Hascall, Aimin Wang

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|October 14, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Diabetic nephropathy alters heparan sulfate (HS) structure in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). This study reveals reduced N-sulfation in larger glomeruli of diabetic rats, impacting kidney filtration.

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Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
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Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

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Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Detection of Glycosaminoglycans by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis and Silver Staining
05:57

Detection of Glycosaminoglycans by Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis and Silver Staining

Published on: February 25, 2021

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
10:31

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Nephrology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Diabetic nephropathy is a major complication of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
  • Alterations in glomerular basement membrane (GBM) heparan sulfate (HS) are linked to albuminuria and renal failure.
  • Understanding HS structure in diabetes is crucial for identifying therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the fine structural changes of HS in the glomerulus and GBM of diabetic rats.
  • To determine if streptozotocin-induced diabetes affects HS composition and sulfation patterns.
  • To localize HS alterations within the kidney structures.

Main Methods:

  • Streptozotocin-induced diabetes model in rats.
  • Isolation of glomeruli and GBM.
  • Fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis for HS disaccharide composition analysis.
  • Graded sieve technique for isolating glomeruli of different sizes.

Main Results:

  • Normal rat GBM HS shows increased N-sulfation during glomerular maturation.
  • Diabetic rats exhibited a reversal of this N-sulfation trend.
  • Larger glomeruli in diabetic rats displayed significantly reduced HS N-sulfation localized to the GBM.
  • A loss of N-acetylglucosamine sulfation was observed in diabetic rat HS oligosaccharides.

Conclusions:

  • Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus induces specific alterations in GBM HS structure, characterized by reduced N-sulfation.
  • These HS changes, particularly in larger glomeruli, may contribute to impaired kidney filtration and diabetic nephropathy progression.
  • Targeting HS structure in the GBM could offer a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetic kidney disease.