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Toxoplasmosis01:28

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Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling
09:08

Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling

Published on: October 14, 2021

Disseminated Histoplasmosis Mimicking Felty's Syndrome.

Kepler A Davis1, David R Finger, Neal I Shparago

  • 1Department of Medicine and Rheumatology Service, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington, USA.

Journal of Clinical Rheumatology : Practical Reports on Rheumatic & Musculoskeletal Diseases
|October 14, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Immunosuppressive drugs for rheumatoid arthritis can cause opportunistic infections. Two patients with rheumatoid arthritis developed neutropenia and splenomegaly, initially suspected as Felty's syndrome, but were diagnosed with disseminated histoplasmosis.

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Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling
09:08

Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling

Published on: October 14, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis treatment often involves immunosuppressive medications.
  • These medications can increase the risk of opportunistic infections.
  • Patients may present with neutropenia and splenomegaly, mimicking other conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report two cases of disseminated histoplasmosis mimicking Felty's syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
  • To highlight the importance of considering opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients with rheumatic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of two patients with chronic rheumatoid arthritis on immunosuppressive therapy.
  • Clinical evaluation including assessment for neutropenia and splenomegaly.
  • Differential diagnosis considered Felty's syndrome versus drug-induced bone marrow suppression.
  • Diagnostic workup for disseminated histoplasmosis.

Main Results:

  • Both patients presented with neutropenia and splenomegaly, consistent with Felty's syndrome triad.
  • Further investigations revealed disseminated histoplasmosis with bone marrow involvement in both cases.
  • The histoplasmosis was likely a reactivation of prior Histoplasma capsulatum exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Disseminated histoplasmosis can present atypically and mimic other conditions like Felty's syndrome in immunocompromised patients.
  • It is crucial to exclude opportunistic infections when evaluating changes in clinical status for patients with rheumatic diseases on immunosuppressants.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment of opportunistic infections are vital for managing immunocompromised patients.