Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 15, 2026
08:58
En Face Detection of Nitric Oxide and Superoxide in Endothelial Layer of Intact Arteries
Published on: February 25, 2016
Nitric oxide in health and disease
1Parasitology and International Health Branch NIAID, National Institutes of Health Solar Building Room 3A-02 Bethesda MD 20892, USA.
Parasitology Today (Personal Ed.)
|October 17, 2006
Insights
This book explores the latest research in neuroscience, focusing on the role of purinergic signaling in the nervous system. It provides a comprehensive overview of purinergic receptors and their functions.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Purinergic signaling, involving adenosine and ATP, is crucial for nervous system function.
- Understanding purinergic receptors is key to developing new therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of purinergic signaling in the nervous system.
- To detail the various purinergic receptors and their physiological roles.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on purinergic signaling.
- Synthesis of findings on receptor subtypes and their functions.
Main Results:
- Detailed description of P1 (adenosine) and P2 (ATP) receptor families.
- Elucidation of the diverse roles of purinergic signaling in neurotransmission, neuromodulation, and glial cell function.
Conclusions:
- Purinergic signaling is a fundamental aspect of nervous system physiology.
- Further research into purinergic pathways holds significant therapeutic potential for neurological disorders.
Abstract:
by Jill Lincoln, Charles H.V. Hoyle and Geoffrey Burnstock, Cambridge University Press, 1997. pound24.95 (pbk)/ pound70.00 (hbk) (xiv +363 pages) ISBN 0 521 55977 4/0 521 55038 6.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Paracrine Signaling
Paracrine signaling allows cells to communicate with their immediate neighbors via secretion of signaling molecules. Such a signal can only trigger a response in nearby target cells because the signal molecules degrade quickly or are inactivated if not taken up. Prominent examples of paracrine signaling include nitric oxide signaling in blood vessels, synaptic signaling of neurons, the blood clotting system, tissue repair/wound healing, and local allergic skin reactions. Nitric oxide as a...
01:28Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway
Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure to...
01:23Antihypertensive Drugs: Vasodilators
Vasodilators, primarily affecting the smooth muscles within arterial and venous walls, are commonly used for hypertension treatment. Medications such as minoxidil and hydralazine primarily target arteries and arterioles, while sodium nitroprusside acts on arterioles and venules. Minoxidil, functioning as a prodrug, is metabolized by hepatic sulfotransferase into its active form, minoxidil sulfate, after oral administration. This metabolite binds to the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) component of...
01:16Antianginal Drugs: Nitrates and β-Blockers
In cardiovascular health, antianginal drugs combat angina pectoris — a condition marked by chest pain owing to diminished blood flow to the heart.
Organic nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, play a pivotal role. Once metabolized, they liberate nitric oxide, a molecular marvel. Nitric oxide triggers guanylyl cyclase and augments cGMP production. This biochemical cascade orchestrates the relaxation of vascular smooth muscles, ushering in vasodilation and enhancing coronary blood flow. Administered...
Organic nitrates, such as nitroglycerin, play a pivotal role. Once metabolized, they liberate nitric oxide, a molecular marvel. Nitric oxide triggers guanylyl cyclase and augments cGMP production. This biochemical cascade orchestrates the relaxation of vascular smooth muscles, ushering in vasodilation and enhancing coronary blood flow. Administered...
01:26Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
01:29Hypertension II: Pathophysiology
Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...