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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Effect of Artificial Tear Formulations on the Metabolic Activity of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells after Exposure to Desiccation
06:29

Effect of Artificial Tear Formulations on the Metabolic Activity of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells after Exposure to Desiccation

Published on: May 2, 2020

Temporal progression and spatial repeatability of tear breakup.

Haixia Liu1, Carolyn G Begley, Robin Chalmers

  • 1Indiana University School of Optometry, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA. hailiu@indiana.edu

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
|October 17, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Dry eye patients experience significantly more and faster tear film breakup than normal subjects. This breakup often recurs in the same central corneal areas, indicating structural influences.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Science
  • Tear Film Dynamics

Background:

  • Dry eye disease is a common condition affecting tear film stability.
  • Understanding tear film breakup patterns is crucial for diagnosing and managing dry eye.
  • Previous methods for assessing tear film breakup have limitations in capturing temporal and spatial dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the temporal progression and spatial recurrence of tear film breakup areas (AB) in dry eye versus normal subjects using advanced image analysis.
  • To quantify the rate of dry area growth rate (DAGR) and analyze the overlap of breakup areas across successive trials.

Main Methods:

  • The Staring Tear Breakup Dynamics (S-TBUD) test was employed, requiring participants to keep one eye open for an extended period (maximum blink interval, MBI).

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Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

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  • Video imaging of tear film fluorescence captured tear breakup onset and progression.
  • Custom MATLAB programs analyzed AB location, area, DAGR, and spatial overlap across three trials.

    • Main Results:

    • Dry eye subjects exhibited significantly larger final AB areas and shorter MBIs compared to controls.
    • The DAGR was four times greater in dry eye subjects, with significantly more breakup in the central cornea.
    • Tear breakup recurrence in the same location was observed more frequently than expected by chance.

    Conclusions:

    • Dry eye subjects show rapid tear film destabilization post-initial breakup, characterized by a low tear breakup time (TBUT) and high DAGR.
    • Structural factors like corneal or lid defects likely influence the recurrence of tear film breakup in specific regions.
    • The central cornea appears particularly vulnerable to increased tear breakup in individuals with dry eye.