Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...

Negative Regulator Molecules

Negative Regulator Molecules

Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.

The Cell Cycle Control System

The Cell Cycle Control System

The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) are the primary cell cycle regulators and function at the cell...

The Cell Cycle Control System

The Cell Cycle Control System

The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Effects of smoking and different BMI cutoff points on surgical site infection after elective open ventral hernia repair.

Hernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery·2020

Same author

Circulation dynamics of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum in a poultry farm infested by Dermanyssus gallinae.

Medical and veterinary entomology·2018

Same author

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ccr4-not complex contributes to the control of Msn2p-dependent transcription by the Ras/cAMP pathway.

Molecular microbiology·2002

Same author

Preoperative cardiac risk assessment: an updated approach.

Archives of surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)·2001

Same author

Inhibition of intra-abdominal adhesions: a comparison of hemaseel APR and cryoprecipitate fibrin glue.

Journal of investigative surgery : the official journal of the Academy of Surgical Research·2001

Same author

Trends in cardiac morbidity and mortality after endoluminal abdominal aortic aneurysm repair; discussion 999-1000.

Archives of surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)·2001

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

The Use of Chemostats in Microbial Systems Biology

The Use of Chemostats in Microbial Systems Biology

Published on: October 14, 2013

Cell growth control: little eukaryotes make big contributions.

C De Virgilio¹, R Loewith

¹Département de Microbiologie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Genève, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland. Claudio.DeVirgilio@medecine.unige.ch

|October 17, 2006

Summary

Rapamycin, a drug discovered for antifungal properties, targets the molecular Target Of Rapamycin (TOR) in yeast. This research explores TOR complexes

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Pharmacology

Background:

Rapamycin, initially identified for antifungal properties, has evolved into significant pharmaceutical applications.
The molecular Target Of Rapamycin (TOR) pathway, crucial for cell growth, was first elucidated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
TOR proteins function within two distinct multi-protein complexes, TORC1 and TORC2, which regulate diverse cellular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the roles of TORC1 and TORC2 in yeast cell growth and response to environmental cues.
To understand the regulatory mechanisms governing TORC1 activation by nutrients and inhibition by stress/rapamycin.
To explore the largely undefined physiological regulation of the rapamycin-insensitive TORC2 complex.

Main Methods:

More Related Videos

A Cell-Free Assay Using Xenopus laevis Embryo Extracts to Study Mechanisms of Nuclear Size Regulation

A Cell-Free Assay Using Xenopus laevis Embryo Extracts to Study Mechanisms of Nuclear Size Regulation

Published on: August 8, 2016

Manipulation and Analysis of Cell Cycle-Dependent Processes in Budding Yeast

Manipulation and Analysis of Cell Cycle-Dependent Processes in Budding Yeast

Published on: September 26, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

The Use of Chemostats in Microbial Systems Biology

The Use of Chemostats in Microbial Systems Biology

Published on: October 14, 2013

A Cell-Free Assay Using Xenopus laevis Embryo Extracts to Study Mechanisms of Nuclear Size Regulation

A Cell-Free Assay Using Xenopus laevis Embryo Extracts to Study Mechanisms of Nuclear Size Regulation

Published on: August 8, 2016

Manipulation and Analysis of Cell Cycle-Dependent Processes in Budding Yeast

Manipulation and Analysis of Cell Cycle-Dependent Processes in Budding Yeast

Published on: September 26, 2025

Utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism due to extensive research resources.

Characterizing the functions of TORC1 and TORC2 in coordinating cell growth, protein synthesis, and polarity.

Investigating the impact of nutrient availability, stress conditions, and rapamycin on TORC1 activity.

Main Results:

TORC1 promotes anabolic processes like protein synthesis and inhibits catabolic processes such as autophagy.
TORC2 is primarily involved in regulating cell polarity, with other functions under investigation.
TORC1 is responsive to nutrient cues, stress, and rapamycin, while TORC2's regulation remains largely uncharacterized.

Conclusions:

Yeast research provides critical insights into conserved eukaryotic cell growth mechanisms and TOR pathway function.
TORC1 and TORC2 play distinct, vital roles in cellular regulation.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms controlling TORC2 activity.