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Bacterial populations as perfect gases: genomic integrity and diversification tensions in Helicobacter pylori
Josephine Kang1, Martin J Blaser
1Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, 10016 USA.
Abstract:
Microorganisms that persist in single hosts face particular challenges. Helicobacter pylori, an obligate bacterial parasite of the human stomach, has evolved a lifestyle that features interstrain competition and intraspecies cooperation, both of which involve horizontal gene transfer. Microbial species must maintain genomic integrity, yet H. pylori has evolved a complex nonlinear system for diversification that exists in dynamic tension with the mechanisms for ensuring fidelity. Here, we review these tensions and propose that they create a dynamic pool of genetic variants that is sufficiently genetically diverse to allow H. pylori to occupy all of the potential niches in the stomach.
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