Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgels
Published on: September 8, 2016
Estimation of the power scintillation probability density function in free-space optical links by use of
T Kamalakis1, T Sphicopoulos, S Sheikh Muhammad
1Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, Panepistmiopolis Ilissia GR15784, Greece.
Abstract:
Free-space optics (FSO) can provide cost-effective, high-bandwidth, wireless connections. However, atmospheric turbulence may degrade the performance of FSO links by causing intensity and power scintillations at the receiver. Multicanonical Monte Carlo sampling is used in conjunction with the phase screen method to calculate the statistics, and particularly the probability density function (PDF), of the power fluctuations at an FSO receiver. This allows the efficient calculation of the PDF even for very small values with a limited number of iterations. The obtained PDF can be used to characterize the performance of the system in terms of the error probability.
Related Concept Videos
Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error
Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving
This distribution function f(v) is defined by saying that the expected number N (v1,v2) of particles with speeds between v1 and v2 is given by
Poisson Probability Distribution
The...

