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Related Concept Videos

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Multi-species Conserved Sequences

Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale  studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
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Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
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Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
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Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
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RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
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Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Pattern-based Search of Epigenomic Data Using GeNemo
06:38

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Published on: October 8, 2017

REEF: searching REgionally Enriched Features in genomes.

Alessandro Coppe1, Gian Antonio Danieli, Stefania Bortoluzzi

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Padova, via G, Colombo 3, 35131, Padova, Italy. ale@telethon.bio.unipd.it

BMC Bioinformatics
|October 18, 2006
PubMed
Summary

REEF identifies genomic regions with specific gene features. This tool helps understand how genome organization impacts gene function and regulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Eukaryotic genomes exhibit non-uniform distribution of features like genes.
  • Integrating genomic position and annotation data enables novel hypotheses on genome organization and gene expression regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce REEF, a novel computational tool for identifying genomic regions enriched in specific features.
  • To facilitate the study of gene clusters with homogeneous expression or functional characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes a sliding window approach across the genome.
  • Employs a test statistic based on the Hypergeometric Distribution for local feature enrichment calculation.
  • Applies the False Discovery Rate (FDR) for controlling multiplicity.

Main Results:

  • REEF identifies genomic regions exhibiting enrichment for specific gene classes or groups.
  • The tool is freely available with source code and documentation.

Conclusions:

  • REEF aids in elucidating the role of genomic region organization in determining functional roles.
  • Understanding spatial organization of genomic features is crucial for gene function.