[Classification criteria and clinical significance of the metabolic syndrome]

The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a multifactorial entity (genetic and behavioral). Its incidence and prevalence have risen dramatically, especially in Western countries, where lifestyle is changing (high caloric intake of mostly saturated fat, heavy alcohol consumption, smoking and little physical activity). It results from the striking increase prevalence of obesity and is an increasingly recognized factor for cardiovascular risk. The MS is defined in various ways. The most recent NCEP and IDF definitions are simple and easy to use in clinical practice. Nevertheless, a unique worldwide definition is still needed, as these definitions show significant differences in some ethnic groups.