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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

Which method should be the reference method to evaluate the severity of rheumatic mitral stenosis? Gorlin's method

Leopoldo Pérez de Isla1, Carlos Casanova, Carlos Almería

  • 1Unidad de Imagen Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.

European Journal of Echocardiography : the Journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology
|October 19, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Three-dimensional echocardiography (3D-echo) planimetry offers superior accuracy in measuring mitral valve area compared to the Gorlin method for patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis.

More Related Videos

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
11:50

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Published on: July 9, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
11:50

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Published on: July 9, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Rheumatic mitral stenosis diagnosis relies on accurate mitral valve area (MVA) measurement.
  • Existing methods for MVA assessment show significant variability.
  • The accuracy of 3D-echo planimetry versus the Gorlin method for MVA requires further evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy of 3D-echo planimetry with the Gorlin method for MVA assessment.
  • To determine if 3D-echo planimetry is a more reliable method for evaluating rheumatic mitral stenosis severity.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-six patients with mitral stenosis underwent 2D and 3D echocardiography and catheterization.
  • MVA was calculated using 2D planimetry, pressure half-time, PISA, 3D-echo planimetry, and the Gorlin method.
  • A median MVA from three non-invasive methods served as the reference standard.

Main Results:

  • 3D-echo planimetry demonstrated superior accuracy in assessing MVA compared to the Gorlin method.
  • The findings indicate a higher precision of 3D-echo planimetry for MVA evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • 3D-echo planimetry may serve as a more accurate reference method than the Gorlin method.
  • This technique could improve the assessment of rheumatic mitral stenosis severity.