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Related Experiment Videos

[Acute fever in infants].

Ch Kahlert1, D Nadal

  • 1Abteilung Infektiologie und Spitalhygiene, Universitäts-Kinderkliniken Zürich. christian.kahlert@kispi.unizh.ch

Therapeutische Umschau. Revue Therapeutique
|October 19, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Fever in infants, especially newborns, requires prompt evaluation for serious bacterial infections. While viral infections are common, bacterial causes necessitate immediate antibiotics and hospitalization, particularly in infants under 3 years old.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Thermoregulation

Context:

  • Body temperature varies with age and time, with normal oral temperatures ranging from 35.6°C to 38.2°C.
  • Fever, defined as temperature exceeding the 99th percentile (>37.7°C), lacks a universal definition.
  • Infants, particularly those under 3 years, face risks from invasive bacterial infections presenting with fever.

Purpose:

  • To define fever in infants and outline diagnostic and treatment approaches.
  • To differentiate between viral and bacterial causes of fever in infants.
  • To emphasize the critical need for sepsis workup in febrile newborns.

Summary:

  • Viral infections are the most common cause of acute fever in infants. However, bacterial infections, though rarer, pose a significant risk, especially in infants under three years.

Related Experiment Videos

  • In newborns (1-28 days), fever warrants a full sepsis workup including blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid cultures, chest radiography, and immediate empirical intravenous antibiotics.
  • For infants over 28 days with fever and no detectable source, primary antibiotic therapy and routine antipyretics are generally not indicated, though paracetamol may aid comfort.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the critical distinction between common viral fevers and potentially life-threatening bacterial infections in infants.
    • Guides healthcare providers on appropriate diagnostic pathways and interventions for febrile infants, reducing unnecessary antibiotic use.
    • Emphasizes the importance of early recognition and management of sepsis in newborns to improve outcomes.