Strategies for preventing immunologic rejection of transplanted human embryonic stem cells

Human embryonic stem alls (hESC) have an unlimited capacity of proliferation and self-renewal resulting in a promise for future applications in regenerative medicine. One major problem derived from their use in cellular therapy protocols is the immunological rejection due to HLA incompatibility. Currently, there are four strategies to prevent allograft rejection of hESC; the development of a ''universal hESC line'' with lack of HLA class 1 expression; the creation of nuclear transfer hESC line; the development of hESC line banks; and the generation of haemopoietic chimerism.