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Ophthalmic manifestations of Sanjad-Sakati syndrome
Norah Al Dhoyan1, Amal I Al Hemidan, Pinar T Ozand
1Department of Ophthalmology, Riyadh Armed Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Background:
Sanjad-Sakati syndrome (SSS) is a rare disorder characterized by hypoparathyroidism, growth and developmental delay, and dysmorphism. The purpose of this report is to describe the ophthalmic manifestations of Sanjad-Sakati syndrome (SSS; hypoparathyroidism-mental retardation-dysmorphism syndrome, HRD) (OMIM 241410).
Patients:
We included a total of 17 patients who were seen at two hospitals in Riyadh.
Methods:
Each patient underwent a complete ophthalmologic evaluation including visual acuity assessment, orthoptic workup, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure measurement, cycloplegic retinoscopy, funduscopy, corneal diameter, and axial length measurement.
Results:
All 17 (100%) of the patients had normal visual acuity. All patients had microphthalmia with normal intraocular pressure. Eight (47%) of the patients had esotropia and four (23%) had exotropia. Ophthalmoscopy revealed tortuous retinal blood vessels in all patients. Hyperopic astigmatism was present in 16 (94%) patients.
Conclusion:
Patients with SSS display a variety of ocular findings including errors of refraction, strabismus, and retinal vascular tortuousity.
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