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[Natal and neonatal teeth].

Manuela Baumgart1, Adrian Lussi

  • 1Universität Bern, Klinik für Zahnerhaltung, Präventiv- und Kinderzahnmedizin.

Schweizer Monatsschrift Fur Zahnmedizin = Revue Mensuelle Suisse D'Odonto-Stomatologie = Rivista Mensile Svizzera Di Odontologia E Stomatologia
|October 21, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Natal teeth present at birth and neonatal teeth erupting within 30 days are rare dental anomalies. These teeth exhibit retarded development, hypoplastic enamel, and reduced hardness, often necessitating extraction due to potential complications.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Developmental Biology
  • Oral Pathology

Context:

  • Natal and neonatal teeth are rare, occurring in 1:2000 to 1:3000 births.
  • They are more frequent in cases of cleft lip/palate and certain syndromes.
  • Most commonly, they present as lower central incisors and are part of the primary dentition.

Purpose:

  • To define and characterize natal and neonatal teeth.
  • To investigate the histological and physical properties of these early-erupting teeth.
  • To discuss potential causes, clinical presentation, and management strategies.

Summary:

  • Histological examination reveals enamel hypoplasia and atubular cervical dentin.
  • Microhardness testing shows significantly lower values for both enamel and dentin compared to normal deciduous teeth.

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  • Reduced enamel thickness (≤280 µm) and incomplete mineralization at birth indicate retarded development.

    • Impact:

    • Understanding the structural deficiencies of natal/neonatal teeth is crucial for clinical decision-making.
    • Management often involves extraction due to risks of Riga-Fede disease, feeding issues, infection, and hypermobility.
    • Careful consideration is needed to protect the child when deciding on extraction.