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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
Published on: October 20, 2017
Current status of manpower needs for management of cerebrovascular disease
Gregory J Zipfel1, Colin P Derdeyn, Ralph G Dacey
1Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA. zipfelg@nsurg.wustl.edu
Insights
Endovascular therapy has transformed cerebrovascular medicine, impacting practice and training. This review assesses current trends and future needs for cerebrovascular specialists.
Area of Science:
- Cerebrovascular medicine
- Endovascular therapy
- Neurointerventional procedures
Background:
- The field of cerebrovascular medicine is rapidly evolving.
- Endovascular therapy has become a cornerstone in treating cerebrovascular diseases.
- Multiple factors, including scientific advancements and practice changes, are influencing the discipline.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically assess recent trends in cerebrovascular diseases.
- To evaluate the impact of these trends on professional practice.
- To project future manpower needs and training pathways for cerebrovascular specialists.
Main Methods:
- Review of current trends in intracranial aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, carotid occlusive disease, and ischemic stroke.
- Analysis of the impact of these trends on the cerebrovascular profession.
- Perspective on future manpower requirements and training curricula.
Main Results:
- Endovascular therapy has significantly reshaped practice patterns.
- Significant changes observed in the management of aneurysms, AVMs, carotid disease, and stroke.
- Need for adaptation in training and career pathways for neurosurgeons, neuroradiologists, and neurologists.
Conclusions:
- The cerebrovascular discipline requires continuous adaptation to technological and therapeutic advancements.
- Future manpower planning must consider evolving endovascular techniques and disease management.
- Training programs need to integrate comprehensive endovascular and surgical skills for future specialists.
Abstract:
The cerebrovascular discipline has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. The advent, development, and now widespread application of endovascular therapy for various cerebrovascular diseases has been the predominant influence behind many of these changes, but other factors (some scientific, others less so) have also contributed significantly. As our discipline evolves, it is critical to periodically examine how such changes have altered our manner of practice and to determine what impact such changes might have on manpower allocation and training for the future. This article is our attempt at providing such an assessment. First, we will critically review recent trends within the fields of intracranial aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, carotid atherosclerotic occlusive disease, and ischemic stroke and how these trends have impacted our profession. Thereafter, we will provide a perspective on what the cerebrovascular manpower needs of the future might be and by whom these needs will be met. Finally, we will examine how the new generation of cerebrovascular specialists, including neurosurgeons, neuroradiologists, and some neurologists, will attain their requisite surgical or endovascular training and attempt to determine which careers, pathways, and opportunities will be available to these individuals in the future.
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