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[Severe imported malaria in adults]

R Petrognani1, E Peytel, C Ponchel

  • 1Département d'anesthésie-réanimation urgences, hôpital d'instruction des armées Laveran, boulevard Laveran, BP 40, 13998 Marseille-Armées, France.

Medecine Et Maladies Infectieuses
|October 24, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Severe malaria, often imported from endemic regions, can cause organ failure in non-immunized adults. Artemisinin derivatives offer rapid treatment for this Plasmodium falciparum infection.

Area of Science:

  • Tropical medicine
  • Infectious diseases
  • Parasitology

Context:

  • Severe malaria is defined by Plasmodium falciparum presence and organ dysfunction.
  • Imported malaria cases in France primarily involve individuals returning from sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Non-immunized adults are susceptible to severe malaria, presenting with multi-organ failure and sepsis.

Purpose:

  • To outline the characteristics and treatment of severe imported malaria.
  • To highlight the critical condition of severe malaria mimicking Gram-negative sepsis.
  • To compare antimalarial treatment options.

Summary:

  • Severe malaria involves asexual Plasmodium falciparum forms and organ dysfunction.
  • Intravenous quinine is a standard treatment, while artemisinin derivatives (artemether, artesunate) provide rapid action.
  • Management of severe malaria may require intensive care unit support, including mechanical ventilation and dialysis.

Impact:

  • Informs clinicians about the presentation and management of severe imported malaria.
  • Emphasizes the effectiveness of artemisinin derivatives in rapidly treating severe Plasmodium falciparum infections.
  • Underscores the need for prompt intensive care for patients with multi-organ failure due to malaria.

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