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Related Experiment Videos

Is PTSD caused by traumatic stress?

J Alexander Bodkin1, Harrison G Pope, Michael J Detke

  • 1Clinical Psychopharmacology Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA. abodkin@mclean.harvard.edu

Journal of Anxiety Disorders
|October 24, 2006
PubMed
Summary

In individuals seeking depression treatment, a high rate of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms occurred regardless of a confirmed trauma history. This suggests trauma history alone may not solely explain PTSD development in this population.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Major depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) frequently co-occur.
  • The relationship between traumatic experiences and PTSD diagnosis in treatment-seeking populations requires further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of PTSD symptoms in individuals seeking pharmacologic treatment for major depression.
  • To examine the association between reported traumatic experiences and the development of PTSD.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 103 subjects seeking treatment for major depression were assessed for trauma history and PTSD symptoms.
  • Two blinded raters evaluated subjects' experiences against DSM-IV criteria for trauma (Criterion A) and PTSD.

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Main Results:

  • Among subjects with confirmed trauma history, 78% met full DSM-IV criteria for PTSD.
  • Notably, 78% of subjects without a confirmed trauma history also met full DSM-IV criteria for PTSD.

Conclusions:

  • The high prevalence of PTSD symptoms in individuals with and without confirmed trauma history suggests caution is needed when attributing PTSD solely to trauma.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the complex etiology of PTSD in major depression treatment-seeking populations.