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Grip strength, body composition, and mortality.

Catharine R Gale1, Christopher N Martyn, Cyrus Cooper

  • 1MRC Epidemiology Resource Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK. crg@mrc.soton.ac.uk

International Journal of Epidemiology
|October 24, 2006
PubMed
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Grip strength predicts mortality in older men, independent of body composition. Poorer grip strength is linked to higher risks of death from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer in men.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Grip strength is a known predictor of all-cause mortality in older adults.
  • Mechanisms linking grip strength and mortality are not fully understood.
  • The role of body composition in this association requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between grip strength, body composition, and mortality in individuals aged 65 and over.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 800 men and women aged 65+ was surveyed for grip strength and anthropometry.
  • Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze mortality over 24 years.
  • Adjustments were made for potential confounding factors including body composition indicators.

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Main Results:

  • Reduced grip strength was associated with increased all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality in men.
  • These associations remained significant after adjusting for arm muscle area, BMI, fat-free mass, and % body fat.
  • No significant associations were found in women.

Conclusions:

  • Grip strength is a robust long-term predictor of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer in men.
  • Body composition metrics do not explain the observed association between grip strength and mortality in men.