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Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in human corneal endothelium. Modulation and function.

V M Elner1, S G Elner, M A Pavilack

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology (Kellogg Eye Center), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48105.

The American Journal of Pathology
|March 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Corneal endothelium expresses ICAM-1, a molecule that mediates leukocyte adhesion. This finding is crucial for understanding inflammatory conditions like keratitis and corneal transplant rejection.

Area of Science:

  • Ocular immunology
  • Corneal biology
  • Cell adhesion molecules

Background:

  • The corneal endothelium (CE) is vital for maintaining corneal clarity through its pump functions.
  • Leukocyte adherence to the CE, forming keratitic precipitates, is characteristic of ocular inflammation and graft rejection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression and function of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in human corneal endothelium.
  • To elucidate the role of ICAM-1 in leukocyte adhesion to the CE and its implications in ocular immune responses.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was used to detect ICAM-1 expression on cultured human CE cells and intact human corneas.
  • Leukocyte adherence assays were performed to quantify neutrophil binding to CE cells.
  • The effects of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ) on ICAM-1 expression were assessed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Antibodies against ICAM-1 and LFA-1 were used to block leukocyte adhesion.

    • Main Results:

    • Cultured human CE cells express ICAM-1, with increased expression upon exposure to IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ.
    • ICAM-1 mediates the adherence of neutrophils to CE cells, which can be blocked by specific antibodies.
    • IFN-γ upregulated ICAM-1 expression in both CE cells and stromal keratocytes in whole corneas, enhancing neutrophil adherence.
    • Antibodies targeting ICAM-1 effectively inhibited neutrophil binding to CE in intact corneas.

    Conclusions:

    • This study provides the first evidence of functional ICAM-1 expression in ocular tissues, specifically the corneal endothelium.
    • Modulation of CE ICAM-1 by inflammatory cytokines plays a significant role in keratitic precipitate formation and leukocyte trafficking.
    • ICAM-1 is a key mediator in immune responses within the cornea, potentially influencing corneal allograft rejection.