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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

Published on: June 6, 2025

Rheumatoid arthritis: new developments in biologic therapy.

Annil Mahajan¹, Rashmi Sharma, Ruchi Khajuria

¹Postgraduate Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College, Jammu 180016.

Journal of the Indian Medical Association

|October 25, 2006

Summary

Biologic agents have revolutionized rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment by targeting specific molecules. Combination therapy, like methotrexate with biologics such as etanercept and infliximab, shows synergistic effects for RA management.

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Published on: May 16, 2025

Area of Science:

Rheumatology and Immunology
Biologic Therapies

Background:

Biologic agents, products of biological systems, target specific molecules and have transformed rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory disease treatment.
Activation of CD4+ T cells by endogenous antigens leads to cytokine production (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha), rheumatoid factor, and osteogenesis-stimulating ligands, causing joint destruction in RA.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the evolving therapeutic landscape for rheumatoid arthritis.
To highlight the role and availability of biologic agents in RA management.

Main Methods:

Review of recent advancements in biologic therapies for RA.
Discussion of identified endogenous antigens and their role in RA pathogenesis.
Examination of combination therapy efficacy, specifically methotrexate with biologics.

Main Results:

A significant wave of new RA therapies, including infliximab, adalimumab, etanercept, and anti-cytokine agents, is available.
Combination therapy of methotrexate plus a single biologic agent has demonstrated synergistic effects.
Etanercept and infliximab are highlighted as biologics currently available in India.

Conclusions:

Biologic agents represent a major advancement in treating RA and other inflammatory conditions.
Combination therapies offer enhanced efficacy, with methotrexate plus biologics showing promise.
The availability of specific biologics like etanercept and infliximab in India provides new treatment options.