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Atypical coarctation with severe hypertension: a case report
Santanu Guha1, Siddhartha Chakraborty, Barun Roy
1Department of Cardiology, Medical College, Kolkata.
Journal of the Indian Medical Association
|October 25, 2006
Summary
A 16-year-old presented with severe hypertension and absent lower extremity pulses, diagnosed with coarctation of the aorta. An aortoplasty was successfully performed using balloon dilation to treat the aortic narrowing.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital heart defect characterized by narrowing of the aorta.
- It often presents with severe hypertension and diminished pulses in the lower extremities.
- Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for preventing long-term complications.
Observation:
- A 16-year-old male presented with acute onset of right-sided headache and vomiting.
- Physical examination revealed markedly elevated blood pressure (240/120 mmHg).
- Pulses were normal in the upper extremities but absent from the femoral arteries to the dorsalis pedis arteries.
Findings:
- Diagnostic investigations, including aortography, confirmed a diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta with a 15 mm middle aortic lesion.
- The patient's presentation was attributed to the significant aortic narrowing.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of considering congenital heart defects in adolescents presenting with severe hypertension and differential pulses.
- Successful aortoplasty via balloon dilation offers a minimally invasive treatment option for middle aortic lesions.
- Prompt management can prevent severe cardiovascular events and improve patient outcomes.
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