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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Cognitive Function and Upper Limb Rehabilitation Training Post-Stroke Using a Digital Occupational Training System
Published on: December 29, 2023
Self-efficacy outcomes of people with brain injury in cognitive skill training using different types of
D W K Man1, W Y L Soong, S F Tam
1Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, PR China. rsdavid@polyu.edu.hk
Primary Objective:
To evaluate the effects of different trainer-trainee interaction patterns on the self-efficacy outcomes of trainees with brain injury.
Research Design:
A pre-test and post-test randomized clinical trial design.
Methods And Procedures:
One hundred and three subjects with brain injury were recruited and 83 subjects participated in analogical problem-solving training that was delivered in three respective interaction modes: (a) direct trainer-trainee interaction, (b) self-paced computer-assisted and (c) on-line training with real-time audio-visual interaction. Quizzes on daily behavioural problem- solving and a problem-solving self-efficacy rating scale were adopted as outcome measures. The trainees in the trainer-administered group that received instructions in person with a continuous 'human touch' showed more significant improvement in their problem-solving self-efficacy than the two other groups.
Conclusions:
Interactive modes of cognitive skill training can be flexible enough to match the needs of individual trainees. However, human interaction is considered important in promoting self-efficacy in trainees with brain injury.
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