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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...

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Related Experiment Videos

[Gastrointestinal bleeding caused by small bowel leiomyosarcoma].

R Baños Madrid1, A Albaladejo Meroño, A Serrano Jiménez

  • 1Unidad de Endoscopia Digestiva, Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia. rbmadrid71@yahoo.es

Anales De Medicina Interna (Madrid, Spain : 1984)
|October 28, 2006
PubMed
Summary

A rare small bowel tumor, jejunal leiomyosarcoma, caused gastrointestinal bleeding in a 50-year-old male. Surgical resection of the affected jejunum was required for treatment.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Small bowel leiomyosarcoma is an uncommon gastrointestinal malignancy.
  • Gastrointestinal bleeding is a potential clinical presentation.

Observation:

  • A 50-year-old male presented with recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding.
  • Push enteroscopy identified a jejunal tumor during his second hospital admission.

Findings:

  • Pathologic diagnosis confirmed a low-grade jejunal leiomyosarcoma.
  • The tumor necessitated surgical intervention.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering rare small bowel tumors in patients with obscure GI bleeding.
  • Surgical resection remains a primary treatment modality for localized jejunal leiomyosarcoma.