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[Hypolipidemias].

G Noseda

    Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift
    |September 27, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Hypolipidemias, or low lipid levels, are rare primary conditions or secondary to other diseases. This review focuses on secondary hypolipidemias linked to malabsorption, liver and endocrine disorders, and specific autoimmune conditions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Lipid Metabolism and Cardiovascular Health

    Background:

    • Hypolipidemias encompass primary (rare familial forms like abetalipoproteinemia) and secondary (symptomatic) types.
    • Severe hypolipidemia can occur in specific populations, such as the Masai people.
    • Understanding hypolipidemia is crucial for diagnosing and managing associated health conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a comprehensive overview of hypolipidemia, differentiating between primary and secondary forms.
    • To detail the various causes and clinical associations of secondary hypolipidemias.
    • To review less common causes, including autoantibodies against lipoproteins.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on hypolipidemias.
    • Classification of hypolipidemias into primary and secondary categories.

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  • Discussion of clinical conditions associated with each type of hypolipidemia.

    • Main Results:

    • Primary hypolipidemias (abetalipoproteinemia, hypobetalipoproteinemia, analphalipoproteinemia) are exceedingly rare.
    • Secondary hypolipidemias are more common and associated with malabsorption, malnutrition, maldigestion (e.g., protein-losing gastroenteropathy), liver diseases, and endocrine disorders (hyperthyroidism, hirsutism).
    • Autoantibodies against high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) can also lead to secondary hypolipidemia in conditions like M-gradient, carcinoma, and rheumatoid arthritis.

    Conclusions:

    • Secondary hypolipidemias are clinically significant and linked to a wide range of underlying pathologies.
    • Recognition of secondary hypolipidemia is essential for identifying and treating associated diseases.
    • Further research into autoimmune-mediated hypolipidemias may reveal new diagnostic and therapeutic targets.