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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
Published on: December 30, 2025
Full-field heterodyne polariscope with an image signal processing method for principal axis and phase retardation
Yu-Lung Lo1, Hung-Wei Chih, Cheng-Yen Yeh
1National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan. loyl@mail.ncku.edu.tw
Abstract:
We develop a heterodyne polariscope for measuring the two-dimensional principal axis and phase retardation in a linear birefringence material using novel three-frame and two-frame integrating-bucket methods and a CCD. By using a complex programmable logic device to provide an external trigger to the CCD, integrating buckets with multiple frames are achieved. The advantages of the proposed three-frame and two-frame integrating-bucket methods include a simpler signal processing algorithm based on fewer frames and the elimination of flyback error caused by a sawtooth modulation signal at higher frequencies.
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