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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Methods to Evaluate Cytotoxicity and Immunosuppression of Combustible Tobacco Product Preparations
Published on: January 10, 2015
Acute smoke-induced endothelial dysfunction is more prolonged in smokers than in non-smokers
Background:
The aim of the study was to compare acute endothelial dysfunction caused by smoking one cigarette between smokers and non-smokers.
Methods:
Thirty volunteers, 15 smokers and 15 non-smokers, were asked to smoke the same type of cigarette and endothelial function was assessed by FMD (flow mediated dilatation) at fast, 30, 60 and 90 min post-smoking.
Results:
Overall response of FMD after smoking was significantly different between smokers and non-smokers (p=0.011). Endothelial dysfunction after smoking remained significant for 1-h in smokers (p=0.002), but only for 30 min in non-smokers (p=<0.001). FMD 1-h after smoking was significantly higher in non-smokers than in smokers (p=0.002).
Conclusions:
Smokers seem to have sustained and more intensive unfavourable effects in endothelial function than non-smokers after smoking one cigarette. It is possible that long-term smoking diminishes the capacity of endothelium to counterbalance external factors that cause endothelial dysfunction.
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