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Chemoprevention for bladder cancer
1Department of Urology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030-4009, USA.
The Journal of Urology
|October 31, 2006
Summary
Chemoprevention for bladder cancer shows mixed results, with no single agent currently recommended. Further research is needed to determine effective strategies for preventing bladder cancer recurrence.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Urology
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- Bladder cancer treatment is costly due to prolonged therapies and frequent surveillance.
- Carcinogen exposure and urinary protective compounds make bladder cancer a target for chemoprevention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on bladder cancer chemoprevention.
- To evaluate study outcomes and identify mechanisms of action for potential chemopreventive agents.
Main Methods:
- MEDLINE search of English language literature on bladder cancer chemoprevention.
- Evaluation of study outcomes and identification of mechanisms of action.
- Critical comparison of multiple reports for the same compound.
Main Results:
- Conflicting results exist for most chemopreventive agents.
- Megadose vitamins, vitamin A analogues, and pyridoxines show promising findings.
- Vitamins C, E, selenium, soy, green tea, and isothiocyanates have inconsistent or contradictory evidence.
Conclusions:
- Efficacy of most bladder cancer chemopreventive agents varies, preventing universal healthcare provider support.
- Megadose multivitamin supplements showed potential in preventing recurrences in one study.
- Long-term, multi-institutional prospective trials are necessary to establish definitive bladder cancer chemoprevention recommendations.
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