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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Immune Synapse in the Human System Using Imaging Flow Cytometry
08:35

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Immune Synapse in the Human System Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: January 7, 2019

Spatial mutation of the T cell immunological synapse.

Jay T Groves1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. JTGroves@LBL.gov

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
|October 31, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Controlling the physical arrangement of molecules in cells is a novel way to regulate cellular signaling. Mechanical manipulation offers a new approach to studying intracellular signaling networks.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Molecular Signaling

Background:

  • Intracellular signaling networks rely on chemical reaction cascades.
  • The spatial organization of molecules significantly impacts signaling network outcomes.
  • Controlled spatial organization is gaining interest as a regulator of cellular signal transduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of spatial organization in cellular signal transduction.
  • To introduce mechanical manipulation as a method for controlling molecular positions in living cells.
  • To complement existing chemical approaches with physical perturbation methods.

Main Methods:

  • Developing experimental techniques for direct spatial manipulation of signaling molecules.
  • Utilizing mechanical means to alter molecular positions within living cells.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Immune Synapse in the Human System Using Imaging Flow Cytometry
08:35

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Immune Synapse in the Human System Using Imaging Flow Cytometry

Published on: January 7, 2019

Imaging the Human Immunological Synapse
09:37

Imaging the Human Immunological Synapse

Published on: December 26, 2019

Spatial and Temporal Control of T Cell Activation Using a Photoactivatable Agonist
07:48

Spatial and Temporal Control of T Cell Activation Using a Photoactivatable Agonist

Published on: April 25, 2018

  • Complementing genetic and pharmacological methods with physical perturbation.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the feasibility of mechanically manipulating molecular positions in living cells.
    • Showcased how physical perturbations can influence intracellular signaling pathways.
    • Established mechanical manipulation as a viable alternative to chemical methods for studying signaling.

    Conclusions:

    • Mechanical manipulation provides a novel physical approach to perturbing cellular signaling networks.
    • Spatial organization is a critical, tunable parameter in cellular signal transduction.
    • This new experimental category offers unique insights into biological systems.