Evaluation of the electric force in electrophoresis

A new expression for the evaluation of the electric force acting on a colloidal particle in an applied electric field is derived under the condition of weak applied electric field. The expression derived, which is based on the Maxwell stress tensor, is applicable to both rigid and soft particles for various types of surface conditions and to both symmetric and asymmetric geometries. We show that, depending upon the electrophoresis conditions, the electric force evaluated by the methods commonly used in the literature can be overestimated, thereby leading to incorrect electrophoretic mobility.