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Estimating source coefficients for phosphorus site indices.

H A Elliott1, R C Brandt, P J A Kleinman

  • 1Dep. Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. hae1@psu.edu

Journal of Environmental Quality
|October 31, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Phosphorus release to runoff varies widely. This study developed a method to estimate P source coefficients (PSCs) using water-extractable P (WEP) content, improving P loss predictions from land-applied organic materials.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Soil Science
  • Agricultural Engineering

Background:

  • Phosphorus (P) release to runoff from land-applied organic sources is highly variable.
  • Existing P site indices use generic P source coefficients (PSCs) that do not fully account for this variability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for estimating source-specific PSCs based on the water-extractable P (WEP) content of organic amendments.
  • To improve the accuracy of P loss predictions in P site indices.

Main Methods:

  • Correlated runoff dissolved P (RDP) with WEP using data from seven published rainfall-runoff studies.
  • Developed an empirical equation to calculate PSCs from WEP values.
  • Validated the computed PSCs in two independent runoff experiments.

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Main Results:

  • A strong correlation (r² = 0.80) was found between RDP and WEP for surface-applied manures and biosolids.
  • An empirical equation [PSC = 0.102 x WEP(0.99)] was developed for estimating PSCs.
  • Using computed PSCs significantly improved correlations between P loss and loading rates (r² = 0.73–0.86) compared to generic PSCs (r² = 0.45–0.48).

Conclusions:

  • WEP content is a reliable indicator of the runoff enrichment potential of organic P sources.
  • Source-specific PSCs derived from WEP enhance the predictive capability of P site indices.
  • This method can help identify vulnerable sites and inform P loss management strategies.