Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Identification and Quantification of Decomposition Mechanisms in Lithium-Ion Batteries; Input to Heat Flow Simulation for Modeling Thermal Runaway
Published on: March 7, 2022
Temperature dependence of ultra-exothermic charge recombinations
Carlos Serpa1, Paulo J S Gomes, Luis G Arnaut
1Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-535 Coimbra, Portugal. serpasoa@ci.uc.pt
Abstract:
We measured the temperature dependence (from +32 to -50 degrees C) of charge-recombination rates between contact radical ion pairs in isopropyl ether. In the systems selected for this study, aromatic hydrocarbon cations are the electron acceptors and the fumaronitrile anion is the electron donor. Nearly quantitative electron transfers occur at all temperatures. The charge recombinations have excess exothermicities of -60 kcal mol(-1) and exhibit a very weak temperature dependence. Our observations emphasize the absence of solvent effects and the relevance of nuclear tunneling in charge recombinations.
Related Concept Videos
Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature from...
Hess's Law
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing
Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
Carrier Generation and Recombination
This process is given by the generation rate G and is efficient due to the conservation of momentum between the valence band maximum and conduction band minimum.
Indirect generation involves an...

