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Japanese Encephalitis Outbreak, India, 2005

Manmohan Parida1, Paban K Dash, Nagesh K Tripathi

  • 1Division of Virology, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Gwalior, India. paridamm@rediffmail.com

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|November 1, 2006
PubMed

Insights

An outbreak of viral encephalitis in India was caused by Japanese encephalitis virus. Analysis of clinical samples confirmed the virus and identified its genetic lineage.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Virology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Viral encephalitis poses a significant public health threat.
  • Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the etiologic agent of a viral encephalitis outbreak in Gorakhpur, India.
  • To characterize the genetic features of the causative JEV isolates.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 326 acute-phase clinical specimens.
  • Detection of virus-specific antibodies and viral RNA.
  • Virus isolation and phylogenetic analysis.

Main Results:

  • Japanese encephalitis virus was confirmed as the causative agent.
  • Phylogenetic analysis placed the isolates within genogroup 3.
  • The outbreak occurred between July and November 2005.

Conclusions:

  • JEV was responsible for the 2005 Gorakhpur encephalitis outbreak.
  • Genogroup 3 viruses were circulating in the region.
  • Further surveillance and control measures for JEV are warranted.

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