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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring
Published on: December 14, 2020
[Noncardiac chest pain and gastroesophageal reflux in children]
Tian-lin Wang1, Ke-rong Peng, Mi-zu Jiang
1The Affiliated Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China. mizu@zju.edu.cn
Insights
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is common in children with noncardiac chest pain (NCCP). Esophageal pH monitoring aids in diagnosing NCCP and predicting treatment outcomes in pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Diagnostic Medicine
Context:
- Noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) is a common presenting complaint in children.
- The differential diagnosis for NCCP can be broad, including gastroesophageal reflux (GER).
- Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management and to rule out more serious conditions.
Purpose:
- To investigate the association between NCCP and GER in pediatric patients.
- To evaluate the diagnostic utility of 24-hour ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring in identifying GER in children with NCCP.
- To assess the predictive value of esophageal pH monitoring for therapeutic response.
Summary:
- A study involving 36 children with NCCP found significantly higher rates of acid reflux events and prolonged reflux episodes compared to a control group, as measured by esophageal pH monitoring.
- Of the 20 patients who underwent endoscopy, 11 had esophagitis, and these patients showed a higher prevalence of GER (81.8%) compared to those without esophagitis (33.3%).
- Esophageal pH monitoring demonstrated significant differences in reflux parameters between patients with and without esophagitis, indicating its diagnostic value.
Impact:
- This research highlights GER as a frequent cause of NCCP in children.
- Esophageal pH monitoring is confirmed as a valuable tool for diagnosing GER in pediatric NCCP cases.
- The findings suggest that esophageal pH monitoring offers both diagnostic and therapeutic predictive insights for managing NCCP in children.
Objective:
To investigate the relationship between noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in children and to assess the diagnostic value of esophageal pH monitoring in patients with NCCP.
Methods:
Ambulatory 24 h esophageal pH monitoring was performed in 36 NCCP cases (patient group) with recurrent chest pain and without respiratory diseases and musculoskeletal abnormalities in chest, and 20 of them underwent gastric endoscopy. Eleven of the 20 cases were found to have esophagitis (esophagitis group), while the other 9 cases showed no signs of esophagitis (non-esophagitis group) according to the diagnostic criteria of esophagitis.
Results:
The episode of esophageal pH < 4, the number of reflux longer than 5 min, the longest reflux time, the percent time of pH < 4 and Boix-Ochoa score in the patient group were 60 +/- 7, 2.44 +/- 0.74, (12.4 +/- 2.8) min, 6.72 +/- 1.39, 24.6 +/- 3.9, respectively, as compared to 33 +/- 4, 0.35 +/- 0.11, (4.3 +/- 0.9) min, 1.25 +/- 0.19, 7.7 +/- 0.9 in the control group. The difference between the two groups had reached significance (t = 3.44, 2.79, 2.73, 3.89, 4.24, respectively, all P < 0.01). The positive rate of acid reflux in the patient group was 58.3% (21/36) whose Boix-Ochoa score higher than 11.99. Eleven of the 20 cases (55.0%) receiving endoscopy were found to have esophagitis, among them the positive rate of GER occurred 81.8% (9/11). Whereas, the other 9 cases (45.0%, 9/20) showed non-esophagitis and the positive rate of GER showed 33.3% (3/9). The number of reflux longer than 5 min and the percent time of pH < 4 in the esophagitis group were 5.8 +/- 2.0, 12.5 +/- 3.5, respectively, as compared to 0.9 +/- 0.5, 3.4 +/- 1.4 in the non-esophagitis group. Significant difference were observed between the two groups (Z = -2.400, -2.545, respectively, all P < 0.05). The episode of esophageal pH < 4, the longest reflux time, and Boix-Ochoa score in the esophagitis group were 73 +/- 11, (26.4 +/- 7.3) min, 41 +/- 10, respectively, as compared to 34 +/- 11, (4 +/- 3) min, 14 +/- 5 in the non-esophagitis group. The difference between the two groups showed significance (Z = -2.926, -2.675, -2.584, respectively, all P < 0.01).
Conclusions:
GER is very common in children with NCCP. Esophageal pH monitoring has a therapeutic predictive value in addition to its diagnostic merit for NCCP in children.
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