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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Therapy01:25

Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
Beck's Cognitive Therapy01:25

Beck's Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
Arbitrary Inference
Arbitrary inference involves making conclusions without sufficient...
Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects01:29

Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects

Self-discrepancy theory explains how people compare their actual self to their ideal and ought selves and how mismatches between these self-guides can lead to emotional distress. Developed by E. Tory Higgins, the theory distinguishes among three components of self-concept: the actual self, the ideal self, and the ought self. These refer respectively to how individuals perceive themselves, how they aspire to be, and how they believe they are obligated to be. Emotional well-being, self-esteem,...
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy01:24

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy

Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) are grounded in the belief that our thoughts profoundly influence our emotions and actions. Advocates of CBT emphasize three core assumptions: first, that cognitions are identifiable and measurable; second, that they are central to psychological functioning; and third, that irrational or maladaptive beliefs can be replaced with rational and adaptive ones. This transformative approach to therapy has paved the way for specific models such as Albert Ellis's...
Behavior Therapy01:22

Behavior Therapy

Behavior therapy incorporates diverse techniques rooted in classical conditioning principles to address maladaptive behaviors and anxiety disorders. These methods aim to reduce avoidance behaviors, foster adaptive coping mechanisms, and alter associations between stimuli and responses, making them effective in a wide range of therapeutic contexts.
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...
Generalized Anxiety Disorder01:30

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...

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Related Experiment Videos

Cognitive self-therapy for chronic depression and anxiety: a multi-centre randomized controlled study.

Peter C A M den Boer1, Durk Wiersma, Inge Ten Vaarwerk

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands. p.c.a.m.den.boer@psy.umcg.nl

Psychological Medicine
|November 2, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Cognitive self-therapy (CST) shows potential for reducing care needs in chronic depression and anxiety. While effective, it did not outperform standard treatment, but did lower healthcare utilization.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Non-professional treatment programs aim to meet the demand for anxiety and depression care.
  • Cognitive self-therapy (CST) is explored as a potential intervention.
  • Generalized anxiety disorder and depression are common mental health conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive self-therapy (CST) for depression and generalized anxiety disorder.
  • To compare CST with treatment as usual (TAU).
  • To assess long-term outcomes over 18 months.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 151 patients.
  • Patients were assigned to either CST or TAU.
  • Outcomes measured included symptom severity (SCL-90), social function, quality of life, and healthcare utilization.

Main Results:

  • Significant symptom reduction and functional improvement were observed in both groups.
  • No significant differences in effectiveness were found between CST and TAU.
  • Healthcare utilization was lower in the CST group compared to TAU.
  • Symptom improvements and functional gains were sustained at 18 months.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive self-therapy may reduce the need for care in chronic depression and anxiety.
  • CST is not demonstrably more effective than treatment as usual.
  • CST may offer benefits in terms of reduced healthcare utilization.